Was an english prison reformer whose research and writing led to the passage of the penitentiary act of 1779 by the house of commons

John Howard

John Howard drafted the Penitentiary act which introduced a policy of state prisons for the first time. Although he aimed to create a network of state-operated prison through the passage of the act in Parliament, the act resulted only in considerable study of methods, alternatives and possible locations as none were created at the time.

as general terms,  indian territory,  the indian territories, or  indian country  describe an evolving land area set aside by the  united states government  for the relocation of  native americans  who held  aboriginal title  to their land. in general, the tribes ceded land they occupied in exchange for  land grants  in 1803. the concept of an indian territory was an outcome of the 18th- and 19th-century policy of  indian removal. after the  civil war(1861–1865), the policy of the government was one of  assimilation.

it is based on the same philosophy as health insurance