Under chief justice marshall, a decision was issued on the famous case of where the court asserted its authority to overrule acts of congress—and decisions by the executive—that run counter to the constitution.

The correct answer is Marbury v. Madison

This was one of the most important cases in United States history because it showed to what extent does the power of the judicial branch actually go. They managed to show that the judicial branch, as a part of the checks and balances system, has the power to completely abolish a law or an executive order if they find it to be unconstitutional.