Some foods are preserved with heat and then cooled again before ever reaching a food service establishment this prosses is called?

Pasteurization is the process in which items are heated to a certain level so that when they are cooled back down, they don't get spoiled. This happens because, when the food item is heated up the bacteria residing inside it cannot survive in such harsh conditions. So when its cooled back down the food item does not contain any bacteria to spoil it.