What is the condition in which an athlete takes a violent blow or compression to the chest, without any accompanying rib fracture, and presents with severe pain during breathing, coughing up of blood, and signs of shock?

The condition described is called trauma or contusion. This is where organs within the body experience inflammation or internal bleeding. The side effects mentioned are just aftermaths of the said situation. A patient experiencing this kind of situation must be sent to the hospital for further evaluation using specialized machines that can monitor the internal activities of the body.