In classical conditioning, the stimulus causes an unconditioned response.
a. conditioned
b. unconditioned
c. controlled
d. uncontrolled

B. unconditioned

Explanation:

Suppose that the smell of food is an unconditioned stimulus and a feeling of hunger is the unconditioned response. Now, imagine that when you smelled a wonderful lasagna, you also heard the sound of a whistle.

The whistle is not related to the smell of the food, but if the sound of the whistle is paired several times with the smell, the sound ends up triggering the conditioned response. In this case, the whistle sound is the conditioned stimulus.

In summary, we can say that the unconditioned stimulus is capable of generating an unconditioned response, but in classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus is a previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with the unconditioned stimulus, eventually triggers a conditioned response.

i can't answer your question in very sad situation.

but if your situation is very bad, then you can find happiness by thinking about your past that has full of happiness.

or you should do meditation for some time to get rid off from that bad situation.

answer is b

  a   having low self-esteem

  b   having abusive family members

  c   having poor school attendance

  d   having friends who discuss gang life

living torture and being abused makes one not mind harming other people.

and also not being supported and abusing one turns one into this state.