List and give a brief description of the key factors of active listening.

The key factors of active listening are as follows: paraphrasing or rephrasing the message; clarifying, which includes asking questions in order to understand the message; encouraging, which involves using signals to show involvement and interest; and empathizing, which involves showing understanding of the speaker's feeling, behaviors, and attitudes.

Immunization is the introduction of a foreign substance to provoke  the immune response system.  immunizations are the same as vaccinations. it introduces foreign (but dead/ weakened) illnesses to train the body to fight against them. specific viruses and bacteria have specific antigens, antigens act sort of like name tags. these name tags the immune system recognize what's dangerous to the body and what's safe. 

You can write out the letter, but it should specify: the patient hasn't been controlling their diabetes bc glucose and ketones spilling into the urine. also, the positive nitrite could indicate a u.t.i. infections can cause hyperglycemia in a diabetic. also the reverse, uncontrolled blood sugar can lead to glycosuria, which is a good nidus for bacteria to grow from sugar in urine, leading to a uti.