Students who study for 7 hours, one hour daily over the course of a week, will perform better than students who cram for 7 hours the night before the exam. The independent variable in this hypothesis is .a. students b. test performance

c. number of hours studied

d. method of studying (spaced or cramming)

d. method of studying

Explanation:

independent variables are what affects the dependent variable. the outcome that you are looking for (test performance) is the dependent variable. what affects the test performance is the change in method of studying, so that is the independent variable.

this is really easy just look up what these words mean