Negotiation is a process in which two parties find a way to resolve their conflict without the help of outside intervention, or a mediator. Usually, negotiation results in some degree of compromise, with both parties finding something they can give up from their initial stand. However, in fully successful negotiations, neither party compromises their core principles. Rather, after airing the issue calmly and thoroughly, all sides find a solution that they can live with. Here are a few principles that can help you effectively negotiate:

Be clear, direct, open, and honest when communicating.
Respect the rights of others involved in a discussion.
Focus on issues rather than on emotions or on assigning blame.
Maintain a neutral or friendly tone:
Speaking loudly can convey emotions of anger or frustration that might undercut your communication about an issue.
Using a sarcastic tone involves saying one thing but meaning another, which can confuse others and give the impression that you are putting them down, even if you only intend to add humor to the situation.
Part A
Read these steps for reaching agreement within a conflict. Note that you should only undertake these steps for an issue that is important and involves some change in behavior. Matters of pure opinion, such as which team or movie is better, usually cannot be negotiated.

Allow time for any intense emotions to diminish so both people are calm, and meet somewhere that will be calming.
Allow both parties to describe their side of the issue. If the problem is not clear, you might have to check your facts or exchange questions with one another.
Talk about your feelings with the other person. As you discuss things, keep an open mind and make requests, not demands. You want to involve the other person, not control him or her.
Brainstorm potential solutions to the argument. As you brainstorm, resist the urge to judge the solutions until they are all clearly delineated.
Select the best solution that you both can agree on. This might require compromises on both sides.
If problems arise at any point in the negotiations, agree to reconvene at a later date. Taking a break often allows people to collect their thoughts and keep negative emotions in check.
Now, use these tips and any other insights you have to experiment with a scenario. Pick one of these conflict scenarios:

Mike's manager, Francine, is concerned that Mike is repeatedly late for work and is therefore not able to complete a full day's work.
Ms. Torres is carrying a tray full of drinks and snacks to her family's table at the food court when a stranger's backpack knocks the tray out of her hands and spills its contents.
Roommates Click and Clack share cooking and cleaning duties, but Click thinks he's doing more than his fair share of the work.
Sisters Haley and Holly share clothes, but Haley thinks that Holly damages them and doesn't remove stains or repair tears.
For the scenario you chose:

Write a dialogue in which the two parties fail to maintain an assertive exchange (because they resort to aggression, passivity, passive-aggressiveness, or sarcasm).
Write a second dialogue in which the two parties succeed in reaching an understanding by making use of effective communication and negation skills.