When lots of people are present and volunteer help is needed, very commonly nobody is quick to offer their assistance.
Usually everyone is hoping someone else will volunteer and do the work. What is this called?
bystander effect
diffusion of responsibility
social facilitation
conformity

Viruses use the host's machinery to make copies of themselves. however, some human viruses require a type of replication that humans do not normally have. for example, humans normally do not have the ability to convert rna into dna. how can these types of viruses infect humans, when human cells cannot perform a particular role that the virus requires? a) the virus causes mutations in the human cells, resulting in the formation of new enzymes that are capable of performing these roles.b) the viral genome codes for specialized enzymes not in the host.c) the virus infects only those cells and species that can perform all the replication roles necessary.d) viruses can stay in a quiescent state until the host cell evolves this ability.