Florian has to get an immunization shot during his upcoming visit to the doctor. The night before, on the drive there, and in the waiting room he keeps thinking about how much the shot is going to hurt and how uncomfortable he will be. When the time comes the doctor produces a needle 2 millimeters long that barely scratches the skin. Nonetheless, Florian screams in pain. What is going on here?
A. An emotional blend, rather than a primary emotion, led to Florian's outburst.
B. Social comparison led Florian to respond as he thought he should to the average immunization experience.
C. Florian's elevated levels of glutamine and histine caused the pain intensity to increase.
D. Florian's appraisal of the situation led to an emotional reaction that was not consistent with the actual intensity or valence of the emotion-eliciting event.