Tim, who suffers from alcoholism, is prescribed disulfiram by his doctor to help halt his alcohol consumption. Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant physiological effects when even small amounts of alcohol are consumed. This type of treatment is best described as .

Counterconditioning

Explanation:

Counterconditioning, also known as stimulus substitution is a functional principle that forms a part of behavior analysis and it entails conditioning a response or behavior that is not wanted into one that is wanted by associating positive actions with the intended stimulus to be eliminated. In the case of Tim, alcoholism is the unwanted behavior, giving him disulfriam is the positive action associated, and it leads to a wanted behavior of not consuming alcohol because of the unpleasant effect it will cause.

these are common warning signs of overtraining syndrome:

washed-out feeling, tired, drained, lack of energy

mild leg soreness, general aches, and pains

pain in muscles and joints

sudden drop in performance

insomnia

headaches

decreased immunity (increased number of colds, and sore throats)

decrease in training capacity/intensity

moodiness and irritability

depression

loss of enthusiasm for the sport

decreased appetite

increased incidence of injuries.

a compulsive need to exercise