In order to persuade individuals to try or purchase cigarette, companies shape their advertising
campaigns to portray smokers as
1) cool and good looking
2) independent and living on the edge
3) fun and attractive
4) all of the above

The answer would be D, All of the above.

Explanation:

In order to persuade individuals to try or purchase cigarette, such companies shape their advertising campaigns to portray smokers as Cool and good looking dudes, Independent and living on the edge, Fun and Attractive. Such companies never show the dark side of using cigarette for long time. They never tell that long term use of cigarette can cause lung cancer or it can lead to many other diseases like throat cancer, mouth cancer, etc. They always portray that people who use cigarettes are fun loving, independent, attractive and cool dudes. This is a very unethical practice.