How might you respond to friends who ask you to smoke with them now, saying that you can always quit later? “i’ll try smoking for a couple of weeks and then quit to see how easy it is.” “nicotine is addictive, which will make it really hard to quit.” “my parents say they could quit if they wanted to.” “ok, basketball practice doesn’t start until next month and i’ll quit then.”

You are assessing an 86-year-old postoperative patient who has an unexpressive, stoic demeanor. when you enter the room, the patient is curled into the fetal position and your assessment reveals that his vital signs are elevated and he is diaphoretic. you ask the patient what his pain level is on a 0-to-10 scale that you explained to the patient prior to surgery. the patient indicates a pain level of “three or so.” you review your pain-management orders and find that all medications are ordered prn. how would you treat this patient's pain?