What are some of the possible short and long term medical concerns for crewmembers on longer space exploration trips?

during longer space exploration trips, crewmembers may develop vision impairment risks and short-term cardiac atrophy or a decrease in the size, strength, weight, and activity of the heart during space flight because they can experience microgravity. in addition, the long-term medical condition is loss of bone mineral density and radiation exposure.

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