These countries are known as the baltic nations.
albania
belarus
estonia
latvia
lithuania
poland

Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are countries that compose the Baltic nations. These Baltic States are located in north-central Europe. They are located on the eastern edge of the Baltic Sea. They are also lying along the western border of the Russian Federation and Belarus. These three countries were a former part of the USSR and have already gained their independence from in 1991.

The answer is c) people evacuated but almost all returned

Answer islamic scholars made advancements in technology, literature, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, and the arts during this time period;