The part of the earth system that includes earth s solid, rocky, outer layer is the
a. hydrosphere.
b. atmosphere.
c. biosphere.
d. lithosphere.

Answer is D.lithosphere
hydrosphere is water
atmosphere is air
biosphere is living things
lithosphere is land
so the answer is lithosphere
hope it helps

It is the second answer

Water flows along the east coast and across the western tropical pacific towards south america, while they both are directed towards that way,  el niño does not directly affect the southern flow of water along the coast.