The hawaiian islands are examples of islands that formed over a hotspot. based on this information, which of the following processes formed the hawaiian islands? a) melted rock called magma rose through holes in earth's crust and gradually solidified as it cooled. b) tectonic movement forced certain segments of earth's crust downward and other segments upward in jagged chunks. c) one tectonic plate moved beneath another plate at a subduction zone, causing the rock to melt and rise above earth's surface. d) segments of earth's crust bent and doubled over, and moving wind and water gradually shaped the rock into gently sloping domes.