How can careful planning a populated city thrive? what problems can arise when cities are not well planned for growth?

If the city is planned, it can help stronger defense. People are most likely to attack with civilizations that have low defense.

Magma forms by partial melting of upper mantle and crust. partial melt means that only a fraction of the available material forms a melt, and that the remainder stays solid. the partial melt rises because of its lower density and ascends through he crust. this is so conclusive mean the answer would be magma igneous rocks or balistic magma.

Iwould choose c or d