In order to the development of portugal is placing emphasis on literacy.

In order to help the development of education, Portugal is placing emphasis on literacy. Hence, during the 19th and 20th century, 68.1 percent of Portugal’s population was still classified as illiterate by the 1930 census. It was also because Portugal’s literacy rate by the 1940s and the early 1950s was low for North American and Western European standards at the time.

the answer is d. made landless peasants that owners of large haciendas