What is a large crack in the earth formed by a river or earthquake?

It is called a fault

The answer is a earthquake because a river is not strong enough to crack the earth

The us is first  the  u.s. economy  remains the  largest in the world  in terms of nominal  gdp. however, the  u.s. economy  loses its spot as the number one  economy  to china when  measured  in terms of  gdp  based on ppp. in these terms, china's  gdp  is $23.19 trillion exceeds the  u.s. gdp  of $19.42 trillion