How is long - wave radiation affected on it's way back into space(from Earth's surface)

because there is no material-medium in the space. there is only vacuum or empty space

When it reaches the Earth, some is reflected back to space by clouds, some is absorbed by the atmosphere, and some is absorbed at the Earth's surface.

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c, this answer is productivity.

baltic states. baltic states, northeastern region of europe containing the countries of estonia, latvia, and lithuania, on the eastern shores of the baltic sea.

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