Please help which is correct

All of the following statements about the biosphere are true except: a. light and heat from the sun do not affect the biosphere. b. the biosphere gets resources from earth's crust, hydrosphere and atmosphere. c. like "biology", the name for the biosphere comes from the greek word for life. d. the biosphere includes all living organisms on earth's surface.

People keep spending additional units of a particular resource on a want until their marginal benefit is  decreasing withgreater thanless thannot affected by  their marginal cost.

If the distance between two points on the ground is 10 miles and the distance between the same two points on a map is 4 inches, what is the map scale expressed as a ratio?