Hi I need some help please Questions :

1. Calculate the rate of temperature change from. Time 4 to time 8.

2. Which variable in the graph is independent

3. Which variable in the graph is dependent?

How does the brandt line, walt rostow's modernization model, neocolonialism, and walterstein's world systems theory inform and intersect with each other when explaining economic development?

In a 2010 article “fact check: eastern u.s. earthquake risk” by chris mould, the author provides as evidence the following statement by the united states geological survey: “although earthquakes may be less frequent in the eastern u.s., … urban areas in the east could face bigger losses because the shaking would affect much larger areas than similar quakes in the west. in addition, most homes and buildings in the east are not designed to withstand earthquakes.”this statement directly relates to which of the following concepts? a. vulnerabilityb. hazardc. riskd. severity

Hey this is extremely !international aid debate for geography 10 will mark de brainliest! questions are down below plz put an answer and evidence for it. q1: what are the problems with international aid? q2: what are the alternatives to international aid? q3: what do you think is the best approach to offer international aid? ( answer these questions with credible answers and evidence)