What are reasons why the sun's energy is not distributed evenly across the earth?

There are a few main factors affecting the distribution and amount of solar energy hitting the Earth.

The Earth is spherical, meaning sunlight comes in nearly vertically at the equator and horizontally at the poles. The amount of sunlight hitting a square foot of ground at the equator is spread out over several square feet at higher latitudes, and misses hitting the surface at the poles entirely.

The Earth’s spin axis is inclined relative to the Earth’s orbit around the sun. This tilt creates the seasons due to the effects described above, shifting maximum and minimum insolation latitudes on a yearly cycle.The Sun doesn't heat the Earth evenly. Because the Earth is a sphere, the Sun heats equatorial regions more than polar regions. The atmosphere and ocean work non-stop to even out solar heating imbalances through evaporation of surface water, convection, rainfall, winds, and ocean circulation.

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