What are two things that can protect/shield the earth from disasters that come from outside our planet using full sentences and how they actually work in to protect us?

Atmosphere and ozone layer

Well just saying Im not a genius but the atmosphere protects us from some of it. Like solar flares from the sun. Also our force of gravity helps shield us from things like meteors. Because the last time a small meteor came near earth it was coming towards us with its center of gravity lower than our and actually went around the earth. Also earths gravity helps keep it in the suns orbit going around the sun. Also another way the atmosphere helps us is by letting us breathe clean fresh air. It also keeps toxic space gasses away as well as fragments from the asteroid belt. But like I said Im not a genius on this matter but I know these little tidbits about it.

Cultural convergence is the theory that two cultures will be more and more like each other a very notable example of this is around the u.s.-mexico border, where