Trade brought people together with the exchange of goods, raw materials, and ideas. this was possible due to:

1) advancements in communication
2) advancements in transportation technologies
3) merchants acting as agents for leaders
4) cultural openness toward others

the proximity of water was an advantage to western europe and its culture was able to flourish as a result. trade and travel by sea were easier and safer in historical times.

1. there are no mountains to protect it from the sea

2. and its has wet cool summers and wet, mild winters.