How did the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution
lead to conflict in Europe?

Both the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution were social processes that led to great changes in the societies of the time. Thus, the Enlightenment led to the adoption of liberal ideologies and greater exercise of rights by the societies of the time, which implied a limit to the powers of the authoritarian governments of the time; While the Industrial Revolution, in turn, led to the adoption of automated production processes that made most of the population begin to reside in urban centers, abandoning rural life.

These two processes, which occurred continuously, greatly modified the social composition of the societies of the time. Thus, European societies became eminently urban, with more combative populations and with a greater awareness of their rights and of the limits to the power of the rulers. This caused conflicts between the liberal sectors and the conservative sectors of the time to begin to occur, giving way to revolutions such as the American Revolution or the French Revolution.