Match the following. Match the items in the left column to the items in the right column. 1. catastrophism
theory that Earth's rock layers formed in a global flood followed by the uplifting of rocks and mountain building over a short, violent period, possibly in the recent past
2. gradualism
a technique for estimating the age of species by comparing molecular differences between species
3. molecular clock
geologic principle that Earth's processes act in the same manner today as they always have throughout Earth's history
4. sediment
theory that rocks form slowly over time through processes of volcanism, erosion, and sedimentation
5. uniformitarianism
dirt, pieces of rock, and the remains of living things at the bottom of oceans, seas, and lakes

Explanation:

1. catastrophism

theory that Earth's rock layers formed in a global flood followed by the uplifting of rocks and mountain building over a short, violent period, possibly in the recent past

The principle of uniformitarianism suggests that events that led to the formation of processes on earth were sudden and rapid. Series of rapidly occurring volcanism and flooding helped to sculpt the earth.

2. molecular clock

a technique for estimating the age of species by comparing molecular differences between species

3. uniformitarianism

geologic principle that Earth's processes act in the same manner today as they always have throughout Earth's history

This principle was proposed by James Hutton. The geology of Scotland inspired him to suggest that the processes occurring today have occurred in times past and the present is the key to the past.

4.  Gradualism

theory that rocks form slowly over time through processes of volcanism, erosion, and sedimentation

5. sediment

dirt, pieces of rock, and the remains of living things at the bottom of oceans, seas, and lakes

a and b because with the other three, they simplify to something else.