The sentences below describe different techniques involved in relative dating. Complete the sentences using the following phrases. First, you can refresh your memory by revisiting the principles of relative dating: Principle of superposition: When comparing two sedimentary rock layers, the bottom layer must be older than the layer above it. The logic is a lower layer must already exist for another layer to be deposited on it.
Principle of original horizontality: Sedimentary rocks were originally deposited as flat-lying, horizontal layers. If a layer is tilted, it must have moved.
Principle of cross-cutting relationships: Any rock or feature, cutting through another rock or feature, must be younger than the material through which it cuts.
Match the words in the left column to the appropriate blanks in the sentences on the right.
a. the principle of crosscutting relationships
b. the principle of superposition
c. the principle of original horizontality
1. Applying indicates that layers were repositioned from a flat-lying orientation
2. Magma intrudes into layers of sedimentary rock and displaces them. We can deduce that the intruded magma that crystallizes is younger than the surrounding sedimentary layers by applying younger
3. While visiting the Grand Canyon, you are amazed by the depth of layers of sedimentary rock before you - is evident here where progressively younger layers have formed over time and are stacked upon each other older
4. A fault cuts through layers of limestone, sandstone, and conglomerate. The surrounding layers must be than the fault.
5. A mass of granite has inclusions of surrounding sandstone. The sandstone and surrounding layers show evidence of uplift over time. The granite must be than the sand deposits