Which relative dating principle states that sedimentary layers lower in a sequence are older than the sedimentary layers on top of (or overlying) them?

Which sequence of transformations on preimage ∆abc will not produce the image ∆a'b'c'? a. reflection across the line y = x b. rotation 180° clockwise about the origin followed by a reflection across the line y = -x c. reflection across the x-axis followed by a reflection across the y-axis d. reflection across the line y = -x followed by a rotation 180° counterclockwise about the origin e. reflection across the y-axis followed by a rotation 90° clockwise about the origin

How does the bare soil surface type affect the amount of runoff

Many areas surrounding the caspian sea contain important a. rare minerals b. forestry resources c. gold and silver mines d. oil and natural gas fields