Geography, 11.10.2019 00:10 robert7248

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a. calculate the amount by which the seismic energy released by an earthquake increases when the surface-wave magnitude (ms) increases by one unit. b. repeat the calculation for an increase of one unit in the body-wave magnitude. c. what are some observations from parts a and b?

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Answer from: jenniferalvarez360

the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 32

the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 28

difference between above both energy is higher in Gutenberg equation as compare to Marcus Bath equation for 1 unit earthquake magnitude increase

Explanation:

given data

surface wave magnitude (Ms) = increases by one unit

and if increase of one unit in the body-wave magnitude

to find out

Calculate the amount by which the seismic energy release

solution

we know that Gutenberg Richter law that

Log E = 4.8 + 1.5 Ms .......................1

here E is energy of Earthquake and Ms is Surface wave magnitude

we will put here Ms 5 and then 6

and energy release will is 1.99 × $10^{12}$ J and then 6.3 × $10^{13}$ J

and the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 31.65 i.e. = 32

and

now we use Marcus Bath equation that is

Log E = 5.24 + 1.44 Mb

here Mb is Body wave magnitude and E is earthquake energy

so now we take value of Ms is 5 and then 6

and energy release will be here 2.75 × $10^{12}$ J and then 7.58 × $10^{13}$ J

so the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 27.56 i.e. = 28

and

difference between above both energy is higher in Gutenberg equation as compare to Marcus Bath equation for 1 unit earthquake magnitude increase

Answer from: Quest

d. stage 4

explanation:

the existence of some kind of demographic transition is widely accepted in the social sciences because of the well-established historical correlation linking dropping fertility to social and economic development.[1] scholars debate whether industrialization and higher incomes lead to lower population, or whether lower populations lead to industrialization and higher incomes. scholars also debate to what extent various proposed and sometimes inter-related factors such as higher per capita income,lower mortality, old-age security, and rise of demand for human capital are involved.[2]

Answer from: Quest

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