Exercise 2.12 long-term movement of the pacific plate the oldest volcano of the hawaiian-emperor seamount chain was once directly

stationary hotspot volcanism

Explanation:

The continuous movement of pacific plates towards the westside of the plate due to the seafloor spreading from within the earth mid-Atlantic ridges. The Hawaiian emperor chain of seamount is located mostly under the pacific ocean comprising of the Hawaiian ridges that consist of islands of the Hawaiian chain known as the emperor chain of seamounts. Together they form a wide under mountain chain from southeast to northwest of 80 undersea volcanoes. The Hawaiian archipelago that is 4 lakh years old is still an active hotspot of volcanic activity. Being  85 million years of age.

Answerbecause of improved transportation, communication, and other advantages;