During the split between the shiite and sunni muslims, the shiites argued that a. the position of caliph should be eliminated b. the people should elect a new caliph c. only a relative of muhammad could be caliph d. two caliphs should be leaders of islam

C. only a relative of Muhammad could be caliph

F=31 because you subtract 39-8

The us is first  the  u.s. economy  remains the  largest in the world  in terms of nominal  gdp. however, the  u.s. economy  loses its spot as the number one  economy  to china when  measured  in terms of  gdp  based on ppp. in these terms, china's  gdp  is $23.19 trillion exceeds the  u.s. gdp  of $19.42 trillion