What is the best way to prevent making logical fallacies in arguments? only use pathos. do not attempt explanations. ensure that evidence is reasonable. avoid using empirical data.

The correct answer is: Ensure that evidence is reasonable.

A logical fallacy refers to an error done in reasoning which makes an argument invalid. The conclusion of the argument doesn't follow logically from what peceded it.

A simple example would be: The toucan flies. The parrot flies, Therefore all birds fly.

Here we are making an erroneus conclusion by just using two examples to generalize an entire specie. If our evidence was checked in a correct way we would know that penguins or chickens don't fly.

Ensuring that the evidence is reasonable implies a deeper research on the topic and therefore a more complete knowledge about it. It is more probable to avoid making logical fallacies in this way. Empirical data will also help the author developing stronger arguments as they are supported by empirical evidence.

Using only pathos doesn't prevent you from making a logical fallacy, as the arguments to provoke an emotion could be wrong too, failling on it's purpose.  

the legal limit for the drivers who can drive after consuming any amount of alcohol is 21 years.

explanation:

on november 1, 1996, a "zero tolerance law" was put into effect in the new york state.

according to this zero tolerance law, for people under the age of 21 years, it was illegal to purchase and possess alcohol or to drive after consuming any amount of it.

also, the alcohol involvement rate for the drivers under the age of 21 was roughly twice that of elderly drivers.