Which type of reasoning is usually based on specific experiences or observations? sound deductive inductive valid

Inductive reasoning

Further Explanation:  

The observations in the case of inductive reasoning are limited and are specific. Not much scope is there for hypothesis at this point, as there are generalized conclusions that can be derived from such conducive evidence. However, the conclusions are general and do not have a consolidated nature. This means the nature of conclusions cannot be derived absolutely from the generic observations. Thus, we can say that inductive reasoning simply generalizes the concept, and does not bring out any solid conclusions from observations. These generalized conclusions can be turned into absolute solutions by further observation and applying deductive reasoning. We can say that inductive reasoning is the first step to forming a probable hypothesis for a scientific experiment. The most important drawback for inductive reasoning is that the conclusions reached are not logical necessities, and there is no way to know that all possibilities for deriving conclusions have been exhausted.

Since there is no way to explore if all methods of observation or unobserved evidence which might negate the concluded hypothesis, one has to explore other ways of reasoning so that a premise can offer conclusive evidence with results. Also, due to a lack of logical necessities, inductive arguments cannot be held as true. However, we also cannot hold them to be false, as they are general conclusions derived from a specific set of data. Inductive reasoning is thus used to make predictions or probable assumptions on the basis of a certain set of data, and although it does not give any absolute conclusions, it can actually broaden the base of human knowledge.  

Learn more:

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Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Chapter: Inductive Reasoning

Subject: English

Keywords:

Reasoning, conclusions, observations, specificity, generalization, evidence, logical necessities, assumptions.

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