Read this conclusion. when people carelessly discard plastic, the word’s oceans suffer. marine life must share space with water bottles and sandwich bags. sea creatures often mistake plastic waste for food, and they suffer dire consequences. do not contribute to this growing problem. which sentence best completes this conclusion with a relevant call to action? make an effort to properly dispose of plastic trash and recyclables. there is a growing island of plastic waste off the coast of california. plastic waste is not easily biodegradable, and it stays in the ecosystem. study the ocean and learn about the needs of endangered marine wildlife.

Make an effort to properly dispose of plastic trash and recyclables.

This sentence is the one which correctly makes a call to action. The second option does not serve as a conclusion because it is introducing new information (the island of plastic waste). The third option similarly introduces new information (the way plastic stays in the ecosystem). Finally, while the last option sounds like a conclusion, it is not directly related to the main idea of the text, which is the dangers of ocean pollution.

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1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)