What purpose did satire serve in the enlightenment? which enlightenment writers employed this technique?

  In the enlightenment period the main focus was reason, logic, scientific method, egalitarianism, social and scientific progress. It can be defined as an intellectual movement of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries focusing on rational thought, knowledge, and civil liberties. The results of the Enlightenment were the American and French Revolutions, social and civil freedoms, the rise of capitalism, and the beginnings of socialism. For the first time, society could criticize religion and monarchy without fear of persecution. This is why satire became popular.

    Printed material became widely available, and writers became celebrities. Literacy increased, criticism, gossip, information, and commentary were the new entertainment. Satire, during the Enlightenment period, served as a dramatic means of criticizing what is happening in society like being hypocritical of people in power, etc. A satire is a literature full of wit that it employs sarcasm and only those who are aware of what the satire is truly about will understand the hidden message it is trying to convey. Others simply accept it as a work of fiction and literature. The most famous writer that used satire during the Enlightenment period was Voltaire, a french philosopher.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

intonation based on rhythm.