In addition to punctuation, how else can you determine an author’s tone?

Which word best describes the tone of this excerpt from daly's sixteen

Why should college athletes not get paid for playing state the claim a: point a b. direct quotation to support point a c.point b . direct quotation to support point b

Which statement best summarizes this excerpt from leo tolstoy's the death of ivan ilyich? and in imagination he began to recall the best moments of his pleasant life. but strange to say none of those best moments of his pleasant life now seemed at all what they had then seemed—none of them except the first recollections of childhood. there, in childhood, there had been something really pleasant with which it would be possible to live if it could return. but the child who had experienced that happiness existed no longer, it was like a reminiscence of somebody else.