Reflective essay on stranger in the village

"STRANGER IN THE VILLAGE"

by James Baldwin

From all available evidence no black man had ever set foot in this tiny Swiss village before I

came. I was told before arriving that I would probably be a "sight" for the village; I took this to mean that

people of my complexion were rarely seen in Switzerland, and also that city people are always something

of a "sight" outside of the city. It did not occur to me-possibly because I am an American-that there could

be people anywhere who had never seen a Negro.

It is a fact that cannot be explained on the basis of the inaccessibility of the village. The village is

very high, but it is only four hours from Milan and three hours from Lausanne. It is true that it is virtually

unknown. Few people making plans for a holiday would elect to come here. On the other hand, the

villagers are able, presumably, to come and go as they please - which they do: to another town at the foot

of the mountain, with a population of approximately five thousand, the nearest place to see a movie or go

to the bank. In the village there is no movie house, no bank, no library, no theater; very few radios, one

jeep, one station wagon; and at the moment, one typewriter, mine, an invention which the woman next

door to me here had never seen. There are about six hundred people living here, all Catholic- I conclude

this from the fact that the Catholic church is open all year round, whereas the Protestant chapel, set off on

a hill a little removed from the village, is open only in the summertime when the tourists arrive. There are

four or five hotels, all closed now, and four or five bistros, of which, however, only two do any business

during the winter. These two do not do a great deal, for life in the village seems to end around nine or ten

o'clock. There are a few stores, butcher, baker, epicerie, a hardware store, and a money-changer-who

cannot change travelers' checks, but must send them down to the bank, an operation which takes two or

three days. There is something called the Ballet Haus, closed in the winter and used for God knows what,

certainly not ballet, during the summer. There seems to be only one schoolhouse in the village, and this

for the quite young children; I suppose this to mean that their older brothers and sisters at some point

descend from these mountains in order to complete their education-possibly, again, to the town just

below. The landscape is absolutely forbidding, mountains towering on all four sides, ice and snow as far

as the eye can reach. In this white wilderness, men and women and children move all day, carrying

washing, wood, buckets of milk or water, sometimes skiing on Sunday afternoons. All week long boys

and young men are to be seen shoveling snow off the rooftops, or dragging wood down from the forest in

sleds.

The village's only real attraction, which explains the tourist season, is the hot spring water. A

disquietingly high proportion of these tourists are cripples, or semi- cripples, who come year after yearfrom other parts of Switzerland, usually-to take the waters. This lends the village, at the height of the

season, a rather terrifying air of sanctity, as though it were a lesser Lourdes. There is often something

beautiful, there is always something awful, in the spectacle of a person who has lost one of his faculties, a

faculty he never questioned until it was gone, and who struggles to recover it. Yet people remain people,

on crutches or indeed on deathbeds; and wherever I passed, the first summer I was here, among the native

villagers or among the lame, a wind passed with me-of astonishment, curiosity, amusement and outrage.

That first summer I stayed two weeks and never intended to return. But I did return in the winter, to work;

the village offers, obviously, no distractions whatever and has the further advantage of being extremely

cheap. Now it is winter again, a year later, and I am here again. Everyone in the village knows my name,

the answer is emerged from.

orpheus descended to hades, the world of the death to rescue eurydice. no mortal had ever done this before him, he survived because he was protected by the gods. the word "underworld" gives us a clue, he emerged from it like a whale emerges form sea for exemple.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)