An extemporaneous speech: a. will have slightly different wording each time it is delivered.
b. should usually include some humorous remarks.
c. is carefully prepared and practiced in advance.
d. All of these answers are correct.
e. Both will have slightly different wording each time it is delivered and should usually include some humorous remarks.

The “big dig” the “big dig” (the central artery/tunnel project) has been complex and challenging. located in boston, massachusetts, this tunnel is eight lanes wide and three-and-a-half miles long. what is most amazing about this tunnel is that it is constructed under a major highway and skyscrapers located in boston’s financial district. construction crews used “clamshell excavators” during this dig. these machines carved narrow trenches, and then a special substance was pumped into the trench to keep the dirt from caving in. finally, steel beams were lowered into the trench and concrete was pumped in. one problem that engineers faced while constructing the tunnel is the fact that the soil beneath boston is extremely loose and soggy. engineers solved this dilemma by freezing the soil and pumping very cold water into pipes beneath the city. to strengthen the soil even further, a special type of glue was injected into the ground to with the consolidation of the soil. 23 which phrase best defines the word excavator as used in the passage? a. a device used to measure underground temperatures b. a device used to level uneven surfaces c. a device used to move heavy objects d. a device used to dig holes

Which sentence contains an allusion? a. pamela and her twin are as alike as two peas in a pod, and they do everything together. b. pamela has a weakness for chocolates, which she says she's had since early childhood. c. pamela's face was as white as a ghost when she learned the shocking news about her brother. d. pamela's backyard looks like the garden of eden, with dozens of green and lush plants. e. pamela found herself trapped between a rock and a hard place, and she didn't know what to do.

Which type of text structure focuses on what makes something happen and the consequences of that action?