Parallels, which are imaginary dividing lines drawing parallel to tje equator and perpendicular to the Earth's axis, measure distances north and south by sectioning the globe into equally spaced circles

The sentence shown in the question above is not correct and presents false information.

This is because the parallels are, in fact, imaginary lines that cross the earth in a horizontal direction. In this case, these lines form circles that divide the earth, however, these circles are not equally spaced, but have larger spaces in the central part of the earth and smaller spaces as it approaches the earth's poles.

The equator line is one of these parallels, as are the tropics of Capricorn and Cancer.

Parallels are measured in degrees of latitude between the equator and any other parallel.

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explanation:

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it was surely an odd creature that one made up by reading the historians first and the poets afterwards a worm winged like an eagle; the spirit of life and elegance and charm,   in a kitchen chopping up suet. but these creatures, monst'r however entertaining to the imagination, hast no existence in fact. what one might doth to bringeth h'r to life wast to bethink poetically and prosaically at one and the same moment,   thus keeping in toucheth with fact—that the lady is mrs martin, ag'd thirty-six, did dress in blue, wearing a black coxcomb and brown shoeth; but not losing sight of fiction eith'r—that the lady is a vessel in which all s'rts of spirits and f'rces art coursing and flashing p'rpetually. the moment, howev'r, yond one tries this method with the elizabethan mistress, one brancheth of illumination fails; one is did hold up by the scarcity of facts.   one knoweth nothing detailed, nothing p'rfectly true and substantial about h'r.   hist'ry scarcely mentions h'r.   and i did turn to professeth'r trevelyan again to seeth what hist'ry meanteth to that gent.   i hath found by looking at his chapt'r headings yond t meanteth.