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Which choice is a subordinate clause?
After the marketing
department finished
planning the campaign.
The report was due after
the first of the year.
Try It! 1 of 3
Jonathan went to the store
after work.
After lunch, the sales
department gave a
presentation.

After the marketing  department finished  planning the campaign.

Explanation:

A subordinate or dependent clause is a sentence that cannot stand alone because they do not make a complete meaning. Such a clause has to rely on another main clause in order to make complete sense. The first option is a subordinate clause because it simply provides more information about an event. Even though it contains a subject and a verb, does not give the total information that is needed to understand what is being talked about.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)