John Smith and William Bradford both

helped to establish colonies in North America.

Explanation:

John Smith was a principal figure in the founding of the Virginia colony and was its leader from 1608 to 1609. His approach to governing the colony was to develop farming and fishing amongst other activities which were garnered towards ensuring that the colony survived the North American environment and native people.

William Bradford helped in establishing the colony of Plymouth in order to establish a place where Puritans could practice their version of Christianity in peace without religious persecution in England.

eli whitney was an american inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin. this was one of the key inventions of the industrial revolution and shaped the economy of the antebellum south.

a) madame podtochina used witchcraft to make it disappear.