Native plants are becoming endangered faster today because — A.
the Oriental Bittersweet was introduced in the New York Botanical Garden in 1897.

B.
non-native plants have so many predators from other countries.

C.
Old World settlers are bringing them to the New World.

D.
foreign plants are arriving on planes, trucks, and cargo ship

the guest is my guess

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).

b. both have yearned to escape the environment they experienced as a child.

i think its a.

an ugly duckling is teased by the other ducklings. when she grows up, however, the ducklings discover that she is a beautiful swan