Which of the following is a subordinate clause?

before you leave for school
the road is bumpy
my sister went to the mall
the audience laughed

What is the meaning of each underlined word in these excerpts from "a modest proposal" by jonathan swift? i think it is agreed by all parties, that this prodigious number of children in the arms, or on the backs, or at the heels of their mothers, and frequently of their fathers, is in the present deplorable state of the kingdom, a very great additional grievance; and therefore whoever could find out a fair, cheap and easy method of making these children sound and useful members of the common-wealth, would deserve so well of the publick, as to have his statue set up for a preserver of the nation. some persons of a desponding spirit are in great concern about that vast number of poor people, who are aged, diseased, or maimed; and i have been desired to employ my thoughts what course may be taken, to ease the nation of so grievous an incumbrance. the word prodigious means . the word desponding means .

In 1808, their friend, the romantic poet clemens brentano, asked them to collect all types of folk tales so he could use them in a book of literary fairy tales. in 1810, they sent him fifty-four texts, which they fortunately copied. fortunately, because brentano then lost the manuscript in the ölenberg monastery in alsace and never used the grimms’ texts. when they realized that brentano was not going to use the tales, they decided, upon the advice of another romantic writer and mutual friend, achim von arnim, to publish their collection. it had grown to eighty-six tales, which they published in 1812, and then another seventy, which they published in 1815. –“how the grimm brothers saved the fairy tale,” jack zipes what structural technique does the writer use in this passage? the writer describes events in chronological order. the writer describes events in their order of importance. the writer provides a central idea and then lists examples. the writer shows how the grimms made mistakes and then solved them.

What is wrong with they follow citation of a book with two authors