Conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called

the pronoun reference replaces a noun, but you have to make sure there's no room for confusion.

in the first sentence "her" could be referring to shely or to the sister. the answer there is "shelly called her sister and told her about the new baby."

in the second sentence "it" could be referring to the roof or the floor. the answer there is "since the roof leaks on the family room floor, we need to repair the roof."

you need to make an explanation. so, since you did not include one, so no one, and i mean no one can unfortunately you,