What is a benefit of paraphrasing material from one of your sources

What type of figurative language is used in this passage from "letter from birmingham jail"? just as the prophets of the eighth century b.c. left their villages and carried their "thus saith the lord" far beyond the boundaries of their hometowns, and just as the apostle paul left his village of tarsus and carried the gospel of jesus christ to the far corners of the greco roman world, so am i compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own hometown. allusion symbolism imagery metaphor

Which is the most effective paraphrase of the passage "six benches were left empty in every ship that evening when we pulled away from death. and this new grief we bore with us to sea: our precious lives we had, but not our friends" - the odyssey

Iwas conscious that a moment's mutiny had already rendered me liable to strange penalties, and, like any other rebel slave, i felt resolved, in my desperation, to go all lengths." what is meant by the term resolved as it is used in this sentence? a) determined b) questioning c) uneasy d) unsure