Which of the following approaches focuses on an author’s use of metaphor, irony, symbolism, and characterization and how they contribute to a text’s meaning?
formalist
mythological
psychological
deconstructionist

Deconstructionist is the approache that focuses on an author’s use of metaphor, irony, symbolism, and characterization and how they contribute to a text’s meaning. Option D is correct.

Jacques Derrida refered to deconstruction as a critique of the relationship between the text and the meaning of it. Deconstruction is a form of literal and philosophical analysis, also refered to as the theory of literary criticism that questions traditional assumptions pertaining to certainty, truth, and identity. 

fears about being blown up

hello,

your answer is a) the metaphor suggests that the poetic themes are serious and dark.

collins is comparing the poem to a dark room. he is suggesting that the poems theme is serious and wants you to understand it. you don't need to understand the poet in order to understand the poem. you also don't need to move around while reading it. he is simply saying the poem has a dark and serious theme.

- i.a -