The question below refers to the selection "night calls": marlene learns about the father's relationship to the red-crested night heron
a. by secretly following him.
b. from reading a letter from her aunt.
c. from reading entries in his journal.
d. by talking with him at breakfast.

what was the conclusion

explanation:

since conclusion is the over all summarize.

my guy how are we supposed to know

the present continuous is a verb tense which is mainly used to indicates that an action is in progress at the moment of speaking.  

it is formed using: person + verb to be (am/is/are) +verb + - ing form  

example: i am studying at this moment .

in addition, the present continuous is also used in order to express things that will or will not happen in the near future.

example: i am having dinner with some friends tonight.

the speaker sometimes   uses it   to express that an action is repeated and it causes irritation on the part of the speaker

example: my sister is constantly complaining about everything.