Which phrase best describes effective syntax?

the correct use of punctuation to support the meaning of words in a sentence

the appropriate arrangement and logical coherence of words in a sentence

the use of words and expressions that are appropriate to the intended audience

the use of descriptive words to create a mental picture in the reader's mind

can someone also explain to me what a syntax is?

Read the sentence. marissa heard the class bell ringing loudly walking down the hall. what is the best way to revise this sentence? `marissa heard the hall ringing loudly walking down by the class bell. `marissa heard the class bell walking down the hall ringing loudly. `walking down the hall, marissa heard the class bell ringing loudly. `walking down the hall, the class bell ringing loudly marissa heard.